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This week Ben & Ian discuss 3D scanning and photogrammetry. Used in a wide variety of fields
- Entertainment and Arts
- Industrial
- Scientific
- Forensic
- Cultural / Historic Heritage
- Medical
General Discussion on Point Clouds
Scanning Methods
Mechanical Contact Probe Scanning
- Carriage Scanning
- Arm Scanning / Pen Scanning
Pros – Older technology, but highly accurate, has a higher resolution.
Cons – Scanning is very slow and tedious, and could damage the object being scanning, such as older and valuable historical objects.
Useful for smaller objects, such as toys or figurines.
Laser Scanning
3D Scan with Virtucube and David Laserscanner David Laser Scanner offers DIY, low-cost 3D recording solution
Pros – Fairly accurate, with high resolution.
Cons – Scanning can be slow, depending on the desired resolution, and requires the subject to not move. Also multiple scans are required to construct and stitch together the whole model. Depending on the laser scanning method used, the shape is reconstructed, but without color information.
Useful for small to medium sized objects, such as toys, figurines, dolls, faces.
Structured Light Scanning
Portable 3D Scanners: Handyscan 3D
Using Projectors and a Camera
Real Time 3D Scanning with Structured Light
Real Time 3D Scanning How to Realtime 3D geometry video scanner
New TV Camera turns reality into 3D, The F5 Mantis Vision
Kinect
RecontrsuctMe Kinect for Windows with PCL
Low-cost 3d Laser Scanner and fast Surface Registration
Tutorial – ReconstructMe Multiscan
Comparison of ReconstructMe, KinectFusion and Skanect
Pros – The advantage of structured-light 3D scanners is speed and precision, and you can often capture the color information along with the model. Can be more precise than laser scanning. Also moving / animating objects can be captured in realtime.
Cons – Multiple scans / viewpoints are needed to reconstruct the whole model, and each scan needs to be stitched together either manually, or automatically depending on the software used in reconstructing the point cloud data. Useful for medium to large sized objects, depending on the method used, such as faces, people, progressive scanners can capture environments.
Photogrammetry Stereo(Multi-Image) Photogrammetry – Stereo Cameras – Multi-Camera Rigs – Image-Based Modeling – Reference Modeling – 3Sweep
3D Reconstruction from Multiple Images
The Importance of Camera Calibration
Introduction to Photogrammetry
[Photogrammetry] Autodesk 123d Catch – pt.1
How to Model for Google Earth using Google SketchUp
Turn Ordinary Photos Into Extraordinary 3D Models
3-Sweep: Extracting Editable Objects from a Single Photo, SIGGRAPH ASIA 2013
Pros – Very good accuracy, especially with capturing color detail with the model, no special equipment needed for scanning, easy workflow.
Cons – Process can be slow and require a large amount of images, using up disk space, multiple cameras gets expensive.
Useful for a variety of object sizes.
Photometric Stereo – Multiple Lighting Conditions – Shape From Shading – Form Recognition – Bump Mapping
Virtual Reality, HDR, Photogrammetry at ICT
Non-Rigid Photometric Stereo with Colored Lights
3D Face Shots Snapped by Single Camera
Pros – High accuracy and detail and speed. Realtime capturing can also be possible from multiple angles.
Cons – Also results in a large amount of images which are captured, Multiple angles need to be captured and stitched together.
Useful for very small to medium sized objects, and also useful for capturing surface detail for bump mapping.
Light Fields (Capturing the angle of light) – Lytro
Turn any DSLR into a light field camera, for free
Volumetric 3D and 4D Scanning
- CT Scanning
- MRI Scanning
- Ultrasound 3D and 4D